II
тур. Читання.
10 клас
Прочитайте тексти та виконайте завдання. Виберіть правильну відповідь із
чотирьох запропонованих (A, B, C, D )
TEXT 1
«How a Shark Finds Its Food» from Wind
by the Sea by Silver, Burdett & Ginn
Hunting
its food in the vast open sea, the shark has three senses on which it chiefly
relies. These are smell, sight, and the vibration of the water – the shark's «hearing». Of
these, the sense of smell is usually thought to be the most important. Although
the shark's brain is small for the size of its body (some people believe the
shark's brain does not even record the sense of pain) a very large part of the
brain is given to the sense of smell. Some scientists refer to the shark as a
«swimming nose».
The
shark's nostrils are on the underside of its snout, just ahead of the mouth.
But they have no connection with the mouth. In fact, they have nothing to do
with breathing. They are for smelling only, and they do an excellent job. Each
nostril is a kind of cup filled with olfactory cells, the cells that sense
odors. As the shark moves, or even when it lies still, water constantly flows
in and out of each nostril, constantly bathing the olfactory cells.
The
shark has another aid in finding its prey – its eyes. For a long while it was believed that the
shark's eyesight was very poor. But actually the shark sees better than most
people had believed. In fact, it is unusually sensitive to light. And its eyes
have a special aid, one it shares with cats and some other night-prowling
animals – a mirror like layer in the
back of the eye. Light comes through the eye and is reflected back again. In
this way the part of the eye sensitive to light is stimulated twice.
1. Some scientists refer to the shark as a «swimming nose»
because...
A. a shark's
brain is quite small.
B. its nose
is large.
C. its sense
of smell is very strong.
D. shark's
nostrils are located behind its mouth.
2. Another word for «snout» is...
A. nose.
B. head.
C. mouth.
D. teeth.
3. A shark's nostrils...
A. are
connected to its mouth.
B. help with
breathing.
C. are
located on the top of its snout.
D. are used
only for smelling.
4. When scientists say a shark «hears», what do
they really mean?
A. His ears
are turned outward.
B. He
actually sees his prey.
C. He feels
vibrations in the water.
D. He is
touched by a solid object.
5. How are a shark's eyes like a cat's eyes?
A. They
don't see well at night.
B. They are
not as strong as other night-prowling animals' eyes.
C. They are
stimulated three times when they see light.
D. They have a layer
that resembles a mirror in the back of them
TEXT 2
From Newsweek article by Jonathan Adams, November 8,
2004
One year ago, in a room in the Indonesia Center
for Archeology in Jakarta, seven scientists huddled around a
table and swore themselves to secrecy. In front of them lay a skeleton the size of a
child, about a meter tall. But this was a tiny female adult with a massive jaw and puny forehead, only about 18,000 years
old. «We were astonished," says project leader Mike Morwood. Nobody had ever found evidence that human
ancestors could be so radically different from modern humans.
Now that the secret is out scientists are
thrilled over what may be the most significant hominid find in 50 years. It
was taken from a limestone cave on the Indonesian island of Flores, 600 kilometers east
of Bali, and probably belonged to an apelike human that hunted tiny elephants and battled giant rats. The
creature is the first evidence of a hominid species taking a radical evolutionary turn because of its isolation, like
the turtles of Galapagos.
In the end, these little people were probably
wiped out by volcanoes. Indigenous groups, though,
still tell stories about hairy, hobbit-like people who lived in caves. Is this
the creature's legacy? Morwood and his colleagues are planning a return trip
next year to investigate.
6. Which of the following words could you use to
replace «astonished"?
A. bored
B. amazed
C. tired
D. certain
7. What the
scientists found so interesting about their discovery was...
A.
that the creatures probably lived with
the turtles of Galapagos.
B. where they found the
skeleton.
C.
the idea that human ancestors could be so different from modern humans.
D. that the creature hunted elephants and rats.
8. This species took an evolutionary turn
because...
A. they were
so old.
B. the
turtles of Galapagos came.
C. they
were wiped out by volcanoes.
D. they were isolated.
9. Another word for «radically,» as used in the
text is...
A. superficially.
B. exactly.
C. extremely.
D. normally.
10. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. The
scientists think that the creature became extinct because of volcanoes.
B. The
scientists found a child's skeleton that was 18,000 years old.
C. The
creature that was found has been named Homo floresiensis.
D. The
scientists are planning a trip back to the island of Flores next year.
Письмо
10 клас
Виконайте письмово завдання на одну із запропонованих тем.
1.
We know a saying “Home is where the heart is”.
–
Why do people leave their homes for some other places?
–
What feeling dominates when living in a new place?
–
How long can a person feel him/herself at home in a
new place?
–
What does it depend on?
2.
You have got a letter from your foreign pen pal. He/she
doesn’t receive enough pocket money from his/her parents. Write a letter to
your pen pal in which describe the situation in the case of Ukrainian
teenagers. Include the following:
–
Why you think teenagers need pocket money;
–
How much money their parents should give them;
–
What expenses pocket money covers;
–
If you think teenagers should work part-time
sometimes.
3.
Imagine our life in the next fifty years. How do you
think technology will change our lives?
–
What unusual appliances will appear?
–
How can the climate change?
–
What are the prospects of the Internet?
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